Image Credits

Portraits accompanying Whose AI? Whose Abundance? are reproduced from Wikimedia Commons under the licences named below. Where a licence requires attribution, the photographer and licence are credited and linked; share-alike images are reproduced unaltered. This page is the attribution of record for every portrait shown in the essay.

Foundations & Safety

Eliezer Yudkowsky Photo by "null0", CC BY-SA 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Geoffrey Hinton Photo by Cmichel67, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Max Tegmark Photo by Web Summit, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Nick Bostrom Photo by Future of Humanity Institute, CC BY 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Yoshua Bengio Photo by Xuthoria, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

The Paradigm in Question

Emily M. Bender Photo by King of Hearts, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Gary Marcus Photo by Web Summit, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Judea Pearl Photo by Better Than Bacon, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Yann LeCun Photo by Jérémy Barande, CC BY-SA 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Ethics, Fairness, Present Harm

Abeba Birhane Photo by Xuthoria, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Inioluwa Deborah Raji Photo by Rajiinio, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Joy Buolamwini Photo by Niccolò Caranti, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Latanya Sweeney Photo by Parker Higgins, CC BY 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Margaret Mitchell Photo by AI4LAM, CC BY 3.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Rumman Chowdhury Photo by ITU Pictures from Geneva, Switzerland, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Safiya Noble Photo by Jennifer 8. Lee, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Timnit Gebru Photo by TechCrunch, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Tech Leadership & Alignment

Ben Goertzel Photo by Web Summit, CC BY 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Brian Merchant Photo by Bea Phi, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Dario Amodei Photo by TechCrunch, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Demis Hassabis Photo by John Sears, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Elon Musk Photo by Gage Skidmore, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Emad Mostaque Photo by UK Government, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Fei-Fei Li Photo by ITU Pictures, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Ilya Sutskever Photo by Eladkarmel, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Jensen Huang Photo: The White House. Public domain. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Karen Hao Photo by Sdkb, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Meredith Whittaker Photo by Martin Kraft, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Mo Gawdat Photo by James English, CC BY 3.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Mustafa Suleyman Photo by Christopher Wilson, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Ray Kurzweil Photo by nrkbeta, CC BY-SA 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Sam Altman Photo by TechCrunch, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Satya Nadella Photo by Brian Smale and Microsoft, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Sundar Pichai Photo by Photographer: Lukasz Kobus (European Commission), CC BY 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Economics & Governance

Bernie Sanders Photo by Palácio do Planalto from Brasilia, Brasil, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Daron Acemoglu Photo by MeJudice, CC BY 3.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Mariana Mazzucato Photo by Simon Fraser University - Communications & Marketing, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Simon Johnson Photo by John Sears, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Yanis Varoufakis Photo by Olaf Kosinsky, CC BY-SA 3.0 de. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Data Dignity & Democratic Governance

Audrey Tang Photo by Camille McOuat, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Frances Haugen Photo by Jay Dixit, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Glen Weyl Photo by Kritzolina, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Jaron Lanier Photo by JD Lasica, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Meredith Stiehm Photo by Peabody Awards, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Ruha Benjamin Photo by Data & Society Research Institute, CC BY 3.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Post-Capitalist Frameworks

Cory Doctorow Photo by Dominik Butzmann / re:publica, CC BY-SA 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Nick Srnicek Photo by UNCTAD, CC BY-SA 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Stafford Beer Photo by Universitätsarchiv St.Gallen (HSG), CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Accelerationists & Neo-reactionaries

Balaji Srinivasan Photo by Kristyuhorton, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Curtis Yarvin David Merfield. Public-domain dedication (CC0). Via Wikimedia Commons.

Marc Andreessen Photo by JD Lasica, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Nick Land Photo by Koolisid, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Peter Thiel Photo by Gage Skidmore, CC BY-SA 3.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

The Operators

Alex Karp Photo by UK Government, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

David Sacks Photo: The White House. Public domain. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Joe Lonsdale Photo by TechCrunch, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Larry Ellison Photo by Oracle PR Hartmann Studios, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Reid Hoffman Photo by U.S. Secretary of Defense, CC BY 2.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

The State Actors

Donald Trump Photo: Daniel Torok. Public domain. Via Wikimedia Commons.

JD Vance Photo: Emily J. Higgins. Public domain. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Javier Milei Photo: The White House. Public domain. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan Photo by Press Service of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan, CC BY 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Mohammed bin Salman Photo by وكالة الأنباء السعودية, CC BY-SA 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Narendra Modi Prime Minister’s Office, Government of India. Government Open Data License – India. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Vladimir Putin Photo by Пресс-служба Президента РФ, CC BY 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

Xi Jinping Photo by Simon Dawson / No 10 Downing Street, CC BY 4.0. Via Wikimedia Commons.

A small number of figures are profiled without a portrait pending image permissions.